Python somo la 36: Kutumia json kwenye python

Kutumia JSON kwenye Python

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) ni muundo wa kubadilishana data ambao ni rahisi kusoma na kuandika kwa wanadamu na mashine. Python inatoa msaada wa ndani kupitia moduli ya json.

Lengo la Somo

1. Kufahamu jinsi ya kusoma (decode/deserialization) na kuandika (encode/serialization) data ya JSON kwenye Python.

2. Kuelewa jinsi ya kufanya kazi na faili za JSON.

3. Kujifunza matumizi ya  kawaida kwenye moduli ya json.

Hatua kwa Hatua

1. Kuandika JSON kutoka Python

Msimbo wa Kuandika JSON

import json

# Data ya Python

data = {

    "name": "Amina",

    "age": 25,

    "skills": ["Python", "SQL", "Machine Learning"]

}

# Kubadilisha data ya Python kuwa JSON

json_data = json.dumps(data, indent=4)

print(json_data)

Maelezo ya Kipengele

json.dumps(data): Huchukua data ya Python (kamusi, orodha, n.k.) na kuibadilisha kuwa JSON.

indent=4:Inapanga JSON kwa muundo rahisi kusomeka.

2. Kusoma JSON kutoka kwa Kamba

Msimbo wa Kusoma JSON

import json

# JSON kama kamba

json_string = '''

{

    "name": "Amina",

    "age": 25,

    "skills": ["Python", "SQL", "Machine Learning"]

}

'''

# Kubadilisha JSON kuwa data ya Python

data = json.loads(json_string)

print(data)

print(f"Name: {data['name']}, Age: {data['age']}")

Maelezo ya Kipengele

json.loads(json_string): Huchukua string ya JSON na kuibadilisha kuwa data ya Python (mfano: kamusi au orodha).

3. Kuandika JSON kwenye Faili

Msimbo wa Kuandika JSON kwenye Faili

Import json

# Data ya Python

data = {

    "name": "Amina",

    "age": 25,

    "skills": ["Python", "SQL", "Machine Learning"]

}

# Kuandika JSON kwenye faili

with open("data.json", "w") as file:

    json.dump(data, file, indent=4)

print("JSON imeandikwa kwenye faili 'data.json'")

Maelezo ya Kipengele

json.dump(data, file): Huandika data ya Python moja kwa moja kwenye faili kama JSON.

indent=4: Inapanga data kwa mpangilio rahisi kusomeka.

4. Kusoma JSON kutoka kwa Faili

Msimbo wa Kusoma JSON kutoka Faili

import json

# Kusoma JSON kutoka kwa faili

with open("data.json", "r") as file:

    data = json.load(file)

print(data)

print(f"Skills: {data['skills']}")

Maelezo ya Kipengele

json.load(file): Husoma fail...