PHP somol la 55: PHP Abstract Class na abstract method

Abstract class ni nini?

Abstract class ni class ambayo moja katika method zake ni abstract method. Nini sasa abstract method?. Hi ni method ambayo imetajwa tu jina lakini implementation (vitendea kazi vyake) yake hupatikana kwenye child class.

Ili kutengeneza abstract class ama abstract method utatumia keyword abstract angalia mfano hapo chini

<?php

abstract class gari{

   abstract public function jina();

   abstract public function tangazo($aina, $speed);

}

Utaona hapo kuna abstract class gari, ama abstract method mbili ambazo ni jina na tangazo.

Abstract method inaweza kutumiawa zaidi ya mara moja kwenye child class. Yaani unaweza kuwa na child class zaidi ya moja na zote zikatumia abstract method moja. Mambo ya kuzingatia unapotumia abstract method:

1. Jina la method lazima lifanane
2. Kama method inahitaji parameter zinatakiwa ziwe sawa ila kwenye child class unaweza kuongeza obtion paameter
3. Kama umetumia protected modifier basi hata kwenye child class iwe hivyo hivyo ama uondoe kabisa protected iwe public.

Angalia mfano hapo chini:-

<?php

// Abstract class

abstract class Gari {

   //abstract function

   abstract function tangazo();

}

class post extends Gari {

   function tangazo() {

       echo "Tunauza gari aina zote";

   }

}

$news = new post();

$news->tangazo();

?>

Tunauza gari aina ...